13 research outputs found
Development and applications of adaptive IIR and subband filters
Adaptive infinite impulse response (IIR) filter is a challenging research area. Identifiers and Equalizers are among the most essential digital signal processing devices for digital communication systems. In this study, we consider IIR channel both for system identification and channel equalization purposes. We focus on four different approaches: Least Mean Square (LMS), Recursive Least Square (RLS), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Subband Adaptive Filter (SAF). ). The performance of conventional LMS and RLS based IIR system identification and channel equalization are found with the help of computer simulations. And also the convergence speed and the ability to locate the global optimum solution using a population based algorithm named Genetic Algorithm is given
Performance of Commercial Quantum Annealing Solvers for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
Quantum annealing (QA) is a heuristic search algorithm that can run on
Adiabatic Quantum Computation (AQC) processors to solve combinatorial
optimization problems. Although theoretical studies and simulations on classic
hardware have shown encouraging results, these analyses often assume that the
computation occurs in adiabatically closed systems without environmental
interference. This is not a realistic assumption for real systems; therefore,
without extensive empirical measurements on real quantum platforms,
theory-based predictions, simulations on classical hardware or limited tests do
not accurately assess the current commercial capabilities. This study has
assessed the quality of the solution provided by a commercial quantum annealing
platform compared to known solutions for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing
Problem (CVRP). The study has conducted extensive analysis over more than 30
hours of access to QA commercial platforms to investigate how the size of the
problem and its complexity impact the solution accuracy and the time used to
find a solution. Our results have found that the absolute error is between 0.12
and 0.55, and the quantum processor unit (QPU) time is between 30 and 46 micro
seconds. Our results show that as the constraint density increases, the quality
of the solution degrades. Therefore, more than the problem size, the model
complexity plays a critical role, and practical applications should select
formulations that minimize the constraint density
Association between unhygienic menstrual management practices and prevalence of lower reproductive tract infections: a hospital-based cross-sectional study in Odisha, India.
BACKGROUND: The extent to which reproductive tract infections (RTIs) are associated with poor menstrual hygiene management (MHM) practices has not been extensively studied. We aimed to determine whether poor menstrual hygiene practices were associated with three common infections of the lower reproductive tract; Bacterial vaginosis (BV), Candida, and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). METHODS: Non-pregnant women of reproductive age (18-45 years) and attending one of two hospitals in Odisha, India, between April 2015 and February 2016 were recruited for the study. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information on: MHM practices, clinical symptoms for the three infections, and socio-economic and demographic information. Specimens from posterior vaginal fornix were collected using swabs for diagnosis of BV, Candida and TV infection. RESULTS: A total of 558 women were recruited for the study of whom 62.4% were diagnosed with at least one of the three tested infections and 52% presented with one or more RTI symptoms. BV was the most prevalent infection (41%), followed by Candida infection (34%) and TV infection (5.6%). After adjustment for potentially confounding factors, women diagnosed with Candida infection were more likely to use reusable absorbent material (aPRR = 1.54, 95%CI 1.2-2.0) and practice lower frequency of personal washing (aPRR = 1.34, 95%CI 1.07-1.7). Women with BV were more likely to practice personal washing less frequently (aPRR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.0-1.5), change absorbent material outside a toilet facility (aPRR = 1.21, 95%CI 1.0-1.48) whilst a higher frequency of absorbent material changing was protective (aPRR = 0.56, 95%CI 0.4-0.75). No studied factors were found to be associated with TV infection. In addition, among women reusing absorbent material, Candida but not BV or TV - infection was more frequent who dried their pads inside their houses and who stored the cloth hidden in the toilet compartment. CONCLUSION: The results of our study add to growing number of studies which demonstrate a strong and consistent association between poor menstrual hygiene practices and higher prevalence of lower RTIs
The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe
The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the
dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for
life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront
of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early
evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The
Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed
plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE
is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity
neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi
National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream
of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed
as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research
Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in
Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at
Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino
charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet
cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can
accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional
combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and
potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility
for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around
the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program
of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of
LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics
worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will
possess.Comment: Major update of previous version. This is the reference document for
LBNE science program and current status. Chapters 1, 3, and 9 provide a
comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the
landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate
and the capabilities it will possess. 288 pages, 116 figure
Univariate analysis among women who use reusable cloth pads (N = 249) comparing the odds of different MHM practices for washing, drying and storing cloth pads among BV or UTI laboratory confirmed cases and BV or UTI laboratory negative controls (excluding symptomatic controls) (Group 4).
<p>*OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval, no = number.</p><p>Denominators vary as not all respondents answered all questions.</p><p>Univariate analysis among women who use reusable cloth pads (N = 249) comparing the odds of different MHM practices for washing, drying and storing cloth pads among BV or UTI laboratory confirmed cases and BV or UTI laboratory negative controls (excluding symptomatic controls) (Group 4).</p
Venn diagram showing distribution of participants according to the different outcomes groups.
<p>Venn diagram showing distribution of participants according to the different outcomes groups.</p
Univariate analysis assessing association between demographics characteristic of women participating in the study according to symptomatic status.
<p>*OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval, SD (standard deviation)</p><p>Univariate analysis assessing association between demographics characteristic of women participating in the study according to symptomatic status.</p
Univariate analysis assessing association between different menstrual hygiene management practices and aspects of the household enabling environment for women according to symptomatic status.
<p>*OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval, no = number. Denominators vary as not all respondents answered all questions</p><p>Univariate analysis assessing association between different menstrual hygiene management practices and aspects of the household enabling environment for women according to symptomatic status.</p
Definition of case-control outcomes groups.
<p>Definition of case-control outcomes groups.</p